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Ladder of Inference Exercise
Created by Maya Toledano
Brief Description
Using the “Ladder of Inference tool” in a small group activity, students learn to understand what leads to different points of view. It makes them aware of how different people interpret the same data based on their values, assumptions, and beliefs. It is a group activity that is divided into 2 parts. It starts with presenting a personal conflict (with parents/siblings) and then is used to help review different conflicts of different characters in All My Sons.
Learning Objectives
- Students will be able to use inquiry statements, and acknowledgment statements, to understand better a personal conflict.
- Students will be able to analyze the different perspectives of conflicting characters in AMS (by using the Ladder of inference tool)
Lead-in / Preparation / Prerequisite Knowledge
Please note this is a review activity. Therefore, it is done only after teaching All My Sons has been completed.
Print out copies of the Ladder of Inference (Personal Case) worksheet: see Attachments
Print out copies of the Ladder of Inference (AMS conflicts) worksheet: see Attachments
Vocabulary for Inquiry and Acknowledgement that includes sample questions and statements that can be used for making an Inquiry or Acknowledgment
Presentation presenting the Ladder of Inference tool
Estimated Class-Time Required
2X45 minutes
Description of Activities
Before the activity starts with the entire class, we review inquiry and acknowledgment statements and introduce the Ladder of Inference Tool.
We divide the class into groups of 3, and give them the first ladder of inference worksheet.
Part 1: Personal conflict
- The first student describes a conflict he/she had with someone (parents/ siblings/ friends/ teachers)
- The second student asks inquiry questions and makes sure to use acknowledgment statements as well.
- The third student guides the second to make sure he/she uses inquiry and acknowledgment states to complete the Ladder of inference for the presented case.
Part 2: All My Sons characters Conflict
- Same groups. each group receives one of the following couples of characters:
- Chris and Keller
- Ann and Kate
- Keller and Kate
- George and Ann
- Chriss and Ann
- Dr. Jim and his wife
- The group has to explain what the conflict is and to complete a ladder of inference worksheet on those characters.
- Each group presents in front of the class their work and insights from the group work.
Key Vocabulary / Phrases
Check Attachment
Assessment
While the groups present their work, the teacher will be able to assess the quality of their work. The teacher will be able to determine whether the students have understood the character's set of beliefs and values and how it influenced his/her point of view in the conflict.
Reflection
As part of the activity, the students are asked about their thoughts and insights, and they have to present them as well.
Attachments
PATHWAYS Negotiation Education Vocabulary and sentence stems